2019 рік

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    ПОБУДОВА МАТЕМАТИЧНОЇ ГРУПИ СИМЕТРИЧНИХ ОПЕРАЦІЙ НА ОСНОВІ ДОДАВАННЯ ЗА МОДУЛЕМ ДВА. THE SYMMETRIC OPERATIONS’ MATHEMATICAL GROUP CONSTRUCTING BASED ON MODULO-2 ADDITION
    (2019) Лада, Наталія Володимирівна; Lada, Nataliia; Козловська, Світлана Григоріївна; Kozlovska, Svіtlana; Рудницький, Сергій Володимирович; Rudnytskyi, Serhii
    The article is devoted to improving the quality of the stream ciphering systems for confidential information encryption through increasing the variability of cryptographic transformations by using a new group of two-operand two-bit operations synthesized basing on modulo-2 addition. For achieving the aim, a comparative analysis of two-operand operations with one-operand operations was performed, which showed that the first four operations can be obtained basing on the first four one-operand operations of the first operand processing, by adding the modulo-2 addition operation of their base operation of transforming the second operand, and by modulo-2 adding the basic operation of processing the second operand it can be obtained the other two-operand operations from inversion operations’ subgroups. The results of classifying a group of two- operand two-bit symmetric operations of information’s cryptographic transformation were visualized, which made it possible to establish relationships between groups of one-and two-operand operations. Basing on the obtained results, a method for synthesizing the operations’ group of modulo-2 addition is developed for stream ciphering based on the modulo-2 addition operation. The method’s crux is in the base group’s two-bit two-operand operations synthesis, based on combining the same basic operations of converting the first and second operands by modulo-2 addition. Constructing a complete mathematical group of these operations is carried out by the additional use of permutation operations and operands’ inversion of the base group operations. The application of the method allows synthesizing all the twenty-four modifications of two-bit symmetric modulo-2 addition operations based on applying the three basic one-operand two-bit operations of information cryptographic conversion.
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    ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ ЦІАНАКРИЛОВОГО МЕТОДУ ВИЯВЛЕННЯ ЛАТЕНТНИХ СЛІДІВ РУК ІЗ ВИКОРИСТАННЯМ ВАКУУМНОЇ КАМЕРИ. THE HARNESSING OF CIANOACRYLATE METHOD OF DETECTING LATENT HANDPRINTS USING A VACUUM CHAMBER
    (2019) Мамотенко, Петро Іванович; Mamotenko, Petro
    The article highlights the mechanism of reaction between the esters of cyanoacrylic acid with amino acids and water contained in sweat and adipose substance. Examples of the suitability of the cyanoacrylate method for the detection of hand marks on different types of surfaces under study are given. It is noted that the proposed method is most suitable for the identification of hand marks on surfaces such as polyethylene films, cellophane, various types of metals and alloys, plastics, glossy dense cardboard, glossy and copying paper, smooth leather substitute. Attention is drawn to the fact that the method is not suitable for detecting traces on porous surfaces (paper, unpainted cardboard, wood, the like). It is emphasized that after detection of traces of cyanoacrylate, it becomes impossible to conduct biomedical studies of the sweat and adipose. The advantages and disadvantages of the cyanoacrylate method are analyzed, and the methods of its application with the help of cyanoacrylate chambers (atmospheric type and vacuum) and gas burners are given. The peculiarities of chamber design (atmospheric type and vacuum) are considered, comparative analysis is carried out, advantages and disadvantages of their use are shown, in particular, due to their design. Design and principle of functioning of the prototype of cyanoacrylate and vacuum chamber for detection of latent handprints developed by the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine in cooperation with Shostak V. V. on request of the State Research and Expert and Criminalistic Centre of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine within the framework of the research and development work “Development and production of the prototype of the vacuum chamber for detection of latent handprints by cyanoacrylate method”, cipher “Vacuum” are considered. Highlighted the advantages of the developed prototype, in particular: the absence of overexposure of traces due to the exclusion from the process of polymerization of the “background” catalyst due to atmospheric moisture; uniform manifestation of handprints on long objects regardless of their position inside the working chamber due to the uniform distribution of cyanoacrylate vapor throughout the working volume and effective detection of traces, even on tightly adjoining surfaces. The necessity of equipping the forensic units of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine with cyanoacrylate cameras and introduction of cyanoacrylate method to expand the possibility of detecting latent handprints and create conditions for increasing the efficiency of work of forensic experts.
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    ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ВИГОТОВЛЕННЯ ЧАВУННИХ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ЗІ ЗНОСОСТІЙКОЮ ТА УДАРОСТІЙКОЮ ЧАСТИНАМИ З ОДНОГО РОЗПЛАВУ. FEATURES OF CAST-IRON PARTS WITH WEAR-RESISTANT AND SHATTERPROOF PARTS FROM THE SAME MELTDOWN
    (2019) Фесенко, Максим Анатолійович; Fesenko, Maksym; Фесенко, Анатолій Миколайович; Fesenko, Anatolii; Кучинський, Юрій Дмитрович; Kuchynskyi, Yurii; Филь, Руслан Сергійович; Fyl, Ruslan
    In this article the results of researches concerning new technological methods of production of cast iron parts (castings) with differentiated properties in their local parts from the base melt melted in one melting aggregate are given. It is noted that using cast iron castings with differentiated properties is a promising area of various industries for the design of new machines, mechanisms and other special equipment with improved performance characteristics. It is stressed that cast iron parts with differentiated properties, especially with the combination of parts made of wear-resistant white and shatterproof high-strength cast irons, are practically not used in industry. The most widespread foundry methods of production of cast iron with differentiated properties have been analyzed and their main drawbacks have been revealed, which promoted the development of new foundry methods and conduction of corresponding researches. According to the new technological methods the differentiation of cast iron structure and properties in different parts of castings is achieved due to the in-shno- form processing of the base melt flow, which is melted in one melting unit, in separate reaction chambers of the casting system of the casting mold of carbido-utvoryuvalnym and spheroidalnym additives. This makes it possible to manufacture castings with a combination of the structure and properties of wear-resistant white cast iron and high- strength high-strength cast iron with spheroidal graphite, designed for use in shock- free as well as shock-abrasive wearing. Mathematical and physical modeling and full-scale experiments were carried out, which confirmed the possibility of realization of the proposed technological methods and made it possible to establish optimal conditions and modes of formation of differentiated structures and properties in castings. The advantages of the proposed technological methods of differentiating the structure and properties of metal castings, as well as the prospects of their use in various industries for a wide range of cast products are highlighted.
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    БАГАТОРІВНЕВА БЕЗПЕКА ІНФОРМАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМ. MULTI-LEVEL SECURITY OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS
    (2019) Дудикевич, Валерій Богданович; Dudykevych, Valerii; Микитин, Галина Василівна; Mykytyn, Halyna
    Multi-level Information Security (infosec) model of Information Systems (IS) is made of three levels: external, internal and mandatory security policy. External and internal security levels are based on conception “object – threat – protection”. Among the IS external security threats: the absence of zones of authorized access, unauthorized access (UAA) in the equipment repair mode, hardware and power supply failures. To protect information on IS external level are used: access control systems, radio frequency identification systems, closed circuit television, biometric systems that provides: access control and restriction, monitoring of buildings and rooms by using workstations, usage of passwords and employees’ access sharing , biometric protection against UAA. The threats of internal IS was considered: objective, subjective, casual, purposeful. Among the casual threats to IS security: failures and malfunctions of hardware, power supply failures, sensor glitches etc. Purposeful threats are based on offender’s behavior model and lead to leakage of confidential data, its unauthorized modification and its purposeful destruction. Technologies of providing infosec on hardware and software IS levels were presented. The infosec hardware levels provides: detection of tap devices, suppression of side electromagnetic radiation and interference etc. The infosec software level provides: subject identification/authentication, encryption of information resources, detecting software taps etc. Mandatory security policy provides a high level of information protection security due to the algorithm of countering information leakage from high- access objects to low-access objects. Multi-level IS security model is universal-designed and can be modified for informatization tasks and intellectualization of public infra- structure objects in the area of providing security infosec.
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    СТАБІЛЬНВСТЬ АВТЕНТИФІКАЦІЙНИХ ОЗНАК ВНУТРІШНІХ ЕЛЕКТРИЧНИХ ШУМІВ КОМ'ПЮТЕРІВ. STABILITY OF AUTHENTICATION SIGNS OF INTERNAL ELECTRICAL NOISE OF COMPUTERS
    (2019) Нємкова, Олена Анатоліївна; Niemkova, Olena; Шандра, Зіновій Антонович; Shandra, Zinovii
    The article is devoted to an experimental study of the influence of external electromagnetic fields of various natures, as well as the most probable internal causes that arise during computer operation on authentication templates of internal electrical noise. As authentication templates of computer noise, bit and peak templates were used, which were calculated from the values of the normalized autocorrelation functions of discrete samples of internal electrical noise, as well as the corresponding thresholds were calculated. The use of such templates is possible due to the property of the autocorrelation function of stationary noise to maintain a constant shape. The presence of strong external electromagnetic fields can distort the noise measured by the ADC of the computer so that the distance between the current template and the template, measured in the absence of electromagnetic disturbances, is greater than the threshold. The instability of internal electrical noise may be due to the operation of a pulse- width converter of the power supply (DC/AC), which is possible with a variable load on the central processor. The effects of various factors that could be causing instability of internal electrical noise were measured using a laptop with a low noise level. It was experimentally proved that such factors as the operation of the central processor with an average load (the average load on the cores of the central processor was 68 %), the operation of the video card in the movie viewing mode (without sound), fluctuations in the external temperature from 5 °C to 36 °C, work office and household appliances, including mobile and radiotelephones, the conditions of electric transport do not affect the template within the authentication threshold. External factors that can significantly affect the pattern, such as intense electromagnetic radiation in close proximity to airports, broadcast towers, or in pre-thunderstorm weather, have a fairly low implementation risk, of the order of 3–5 %, therefore, re-conducting noise measurement at subsequent times will enable authentication.
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    ЕРГОНОМІЧНІ ВИМОГИ ДО СПЕЦІАЛЬНОГО (ФОРМЕНОГО) ОДЯГУ ЛІТНЬОГО АСОРТИМЕНТУ. ERGONOMIC REQUIREMENTS FOR SPECIAL CLOTHING (UNIFORM) IN SUMMER
    (2019) Сергієнко, Любов Григорівна; Serhiienko, Liubov; Бакал, Віталій Павлович; Bakal, Vitalii
    Research paper has a set of ergonomic indicators, which should be taken into account when designing summer special (uniform) clothing for the National Police. Special-purpose clothing must meet a number of ergonomic requirements: have protective functions, meet hygienic requirements, be as comfortable and functional as possible. Violation of these requirements can lead to significant changes in human functional systems, namely: cardiovascular, nervous, respiratory, endocrine and the like. Therefore, special attention is drawn to the ergonomic aspects of design, which provide a combination of safety and convenience (comfort) of the user. The existing systems of classification of ergonomic requirements for industrial clothing require an improvement in accordance with each product range. In the paper, the authors suggest a generalized classification of ergonomic requirements, which include a set of anthropometric, hygienic, physiological and psychological indicators for special (uniform) summer range for National Police officers. The study of a set of ergonomic indicators for special (uniform) clothing was carried out by the method of theoretical and analytical study of existing classifications of ergonomic indicators for industrial clothing. The scientific novelty of the obtained results is that on the basis of theoretical researches the basic ergonomic requirements for special (uniform) clothing of the summer assortment are determined, their generalized classification and structure are carried out and also the structure of each individual indicator, that is part of the ergonomics, is determined. In their conclusions, the authors state that in order to obtain high-quality special (uniform) clothing of the summer range, it is necessary to take into account the whole range of ergonomic requirements, that are put to this range of clothing. The result of the study can be used in the development of new and improvement of existing items (kits) of unilateral special summer uniform of police officers.
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    COMPARISON OF THE THROUGHPUT OF THE CARRIERR SENSE MULTIPLE ACCESS PROTOCOL WITH CONFLICTS RESOLVING ON THE PHYSICAL LEVEL. Порівняння пропускної здатності протоколу множинного доступу контролю несівної з розв'язання конфліктів на фізичному рівні
    (2019) Yerokhin, V.; Єрохін, В.; Poliakova, A.; Полякова, А.; Sboiev, R.; Сбоєв, Р.
    At present, the global growth of communication needs makes us more efficient in using of the frequency spectrum. Assuming that at one frequency there is an opportunity to transmit several mutual interference signals at one time, the problem is the separation of these signals. But, complexity of demodulation procedures has significantly increased compared to the classical. Thus, we must determine whether a reasonable increase of complexity and how will increase the throughput of some communication system. In researching we will choose carrier sense multiple access protocol.
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    Технічні характеристики та конструктивні особливості кайданків одноразового використання. TECHNICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DESIGN FEATURES OF DISPOSABLE HANDCUFFS
    (2019) Березненко, Н. М.; Bereznenko, N.M.; Неня, О.В.; Nenia, O.V.; Кучинський, Ю.Д.; Kuchynskyi, Yu.D.
    A comparative analysis of disposable handcuffs in service with law enforcement agencies around the world has been conducted. The technical characteristics of disposable handcuffs are analyzed and the criteria by which they can be classified are proposed, namely, the number of created loops, the material of manufacture, and the way of wearing them. The article deals with historical aspects of handcuffs. The analysis of technical characteristics and design features of handcuffs of disposable use of foreign production is carried out, taking into account which criteria of classification of disposable handcuffs are offered. The key criteria by which they can be evaluated are defined: the number of created cycles – single cycles, double cycles; manufacturing material – textiles, plastic, metal; method of transportation – compactly folded into a case, not composed and not adapted to the elements of clothing or equipment. The main advantages and disadvantages of metal and disposable plastic and textile handcuffs are highlighted. Considerable attention is paid to the choice of material for the manufacture of plastic handcuffs for disposable use, for which different types of polymeric composite materials on their physical and mechanical properties are analyzed. According to the results of this analysis, it was concluded that the properties of composite materials are mainly determined by the technological and operational characteristics of polymeric matrices. Attention is focused on the advanced positions of polyethylene among other polymeric materials due to the successful combination of physical and mechanical properties, ease of processing and relatively low cost. Besides, this polymeric material is processed by all known methods of processing. Depending on the polymerization method, the properties of polyethylene vary considerably, and therefore polyethylene is of different types: high pressure and low density polyethylene, low pressure and high density polyethylene, medium pressure polyethylene, linear polyethylene. Based on the results of the study, it was suggested that disposable plastic handcuffs should be used by law enforcement officials to restrict the mobility of detained offenders under current legislation. The technical characteristics of the most functional, according to the authors, disposable plastic handcuffs are also proposed.
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    МОЖЛИВОСТІ ВДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ ТЕХНІЧНОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКСПЕРТНО-КРИМІНАЛІСТИЧНИХ ПІДРОЗДІЛІВ МВС УКРАЇНИ ДЛЯ ВИКОНАННЯ СУДОВО-БАЛІСТИЧНИХ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ. OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE EXPERT-CRIMINALISTIC DEPARTMENTS MIA UKRAINE FOR THE FULLFILLMENT OF FORENSIC AND BALLISTIC RESEARCHES
    (2019) Вересенко, Юрій Віталійович; Veresenko, Yurii
    The testing department of the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine is accredited by the National Accreditation Agency of Ukraine for competence and independence in accordance with the requirements of DSTU ISO / IEC 17025: 2006 (General Requirements for the Competence of Testing and Calibration Laboratories), has the status of conformity assessment body in fields: testing of armor, weapons, special non-lethal weapons, ammunition and structurally similar items, pyrotechnic articles. For the control of the ballistic stability of personal protective equipment (bulletproof vests and bulletproof vest elements, shields and helmets bulletproof), protective glazing, protective structures (parts and components), protection of armored specialized vehicles, riflescale shotguns, smooth barrels of the appropriate caliber, which provide the required, determined by regulatory documents of Ukraine, the speed of the bullet and cartridges of the industrial production. Necessary weapons or ballistic barrel are grounded on the developed and patented at the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine weapons for remote shooting weapons [1]. The scope of use of this device is not limited to the ballistic tests of armor protection conducted in the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine, but may be used, for example, in the Expert Forensic Departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine. One of the most important issues raised by a forensic expert is the determination of the propriety of improvised firearms and ammunition and their suitability for firearms and ammunition. In this regard, the Methodology for establishing the object of a firearm and its suitability for firearms (hereinafter – Methodology) contains relevant regulations. Thus, in particular, Clause 3.1 of the Methodology provides that the object of the requirement to firearms is determined by the presence of a set of a number of common forensic features: Clause 7.4.8 of the Methodology contains the relevant regulations, it is mentioned that the experimental firing is carried out by use of a remote control firing, equipment (devices) to determine the flight speed of shells or their kinetic energy and a bullet trap or target that provide effective inhibition of projectiles fired from small arms. In our opinion, the solution of this problem and, consequently, the improvement of the technical support of conducting dynamic tests during the performance of forensic ballistic investigations, consists in the cooperation of the units of the Expert Service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine with the State Research Institute of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (hereinafter – the Institute).
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    НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ОЦІНКИ ВІДПОВІДНОСТІ ПІРОТЕХНІЧНИХ ВИРОБІВ. LEGISLATIVE SUPPORT OF THE ASSESSMENT OF CONFORMITY OF PYROTECHNIC ARTICLES
    (2019) Савіна, Наталія Григорівна; Savina, Nataliia
    Research paper highlights the development of a regulatory framework for conducting the conformity assessment of pyrotechnic articles. The mandatory requirements are set out in the regulatory act – Technical Regulation of Pyrotechnic Products, approved by the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No 839 dated 03 August 2011. This Technical Regulation has been developed on the basis of the EU regulatory act dated May 23, 2007, concerning the launch of pyrotechnic articles on the market, in accordance with the regulations for drafting Technical regulations approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, on the basis of acts of European legislation of the Union, approved by the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated June 18, 2012 No 708. Extended requirements for all classes of pyrotechnic articles are set out in national standards, the voluntary use of which gives the presumption of conformity of pyrotechnic articles with the basic safety requirements set out in the aforementioned Technical Regulation. According to the Law of Ukraine “On Technical Regulations and Conformity Assessment”, such national standards should be identical to the relevant European standards adopted in the mentioned EU Directive. According to the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine of December 16, 2015 No 1057 “On Definition of the Spheres of Activity Where the Central Authorities Perform the Functions of Technical Regulation”, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine performs the functions of technical regulation, including the field of pyrotechnic articles, according to which monitors both European legislation and European standards for pyrotechnic articles.
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    МЕТОД КОДУВАННЯ ЗНАЧУЩОЇ КООРДИНАТНО-ЯСКРАВІСНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ ВІДЕОЗНІМКА В ІНФОКОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ СИСТЕМАХ. METHOD OF ENCODING THE SIGNIFICANT COORDINATE- BRIGHTNESS COMPONENT OF VIDEO IMAGES WITHIN INFO- COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
    (2019) Бараннік, Володимир ВІкторович; Barannik, Volodymyr; Сорокун, Антон Дмитрович; Sorokun, Anton; Бабенко, Юрій Михайлович; Babenko, Yurii; Яковенко, Олександр Васильович; Yakovenko, Oleksandr
    The article is devoted to building the method of video encoding at the level of individual frames of the video stream in real time (in the process of transmission of video data to recipients) to improve the functioning of network multimedia video services due to the fact that the share of video data that are transmitted over the network is constantly growing. As a result, traffic becomes more complex, along with the intellectualization of network services. However, the quality of the video data received is constantly increasing. Thus, the task of increasing the efficiency of video services on the basis of information and communication networks remains relevant. This task can be solved as at the level of end nodes, and at the level of traffic management within the network nodes. However, the possibilities of such traffic management in conditions of its complexity are limited, because the overall load on the network remains constant. One of the most common and effective solutions is coding methods aimed at reducing the intensity of video data in the network. But the possibilities of traditional methods without further quality reduction have reached their theoretical limit. Under these conditions, the most rational methods are those that are based on eliminating new types of redundancy. This takes into account the fact that the method developed should provide redundancy without making additional mistakes. The method described in this article suggests an approach to building a code representation of a significant coordinate-brightness component of video. Coding is based on the description of the coordinate-brightness component in the form of a structural position number with global and local inequality of values of neighboring elements. This approach includes a two-hierarchical scheme of code value formation for a set of areas of coherence after an unequal sub-sample with the detection and exclusion of elements with equal values.
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    СУЧАСНІ СПОСОБИ УНІФІКАЦІЇ ДЕТАЛЕЙ ОДНОСТРОЮ (ФОРМЕНОГО ОДЯГУ). WAYS OF UNIFYING THE DETAILS OF THE UNIFORM (UNIFORM-STYLE CLOTHES)
    (2019) Сергієнко, Любов Григорівна; Serhienko, Liubov; Ващук, Наталія Федорівна; Vashchuk, Nataliіa; Бакал, Віталій Павлович; Bakal, Vitalii
    In the article modern unifying methods of clothes are considered, and also constructive and technological unification of uniform details (uniform-style clothes) are defined. Unification is the most common and effective ways of standardization. Unification of products is accompanied by revealing of optimum design and technological decisions and typing by combining (mix) the most successful design and technological decisions. Unification enables reducing the volume of design works and design period, reducing the terms of creation new equipment, reducing the cost of development of new products, reducing production costs, increasing the level of mechanization and automation of production processes. Unification improves product quality, reliability and durability through careful development of product design and manufacturing technology. The current methods of unifying details require improvement in accordance with the items of clothing. In the article the authors suggest the structure of the main objects of uniform details unification (uniform-style clothes) and the structure of the main principles of uniform details unification (uniform-style clothes). Research of constructive and technological unification of uniform details was carried out by a method of theoretical and analytical research of existing ways of clothes unification. The scientific novelty of the obtained results consists in the fact that on the basis of theoretical researches fundamental principles of uniforms details unification (uniforms- style clothes) are defined, and also on the example of modern subjects of police officers’ uniforms the table of the generalized unification of details of products is presented. Summing up, the authors conclude that constructive and technological unification of uniforms details (uniforms-style clothes) contributes to the generalization of mechanization and automation of processing of the most labor-intensive clothing units, as well as reduces the costs of equipment changeover and increases labor productivity. The results of the research can be used in the development of new subjects of uniform (uniform-style clothes).
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    ПУТИ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ КРИМИНАЛИСТИЧЕСКОЙ ИДЕНТИФИКАЦИИ АППАРАТУРЫ ЦИФРОВОЙ ЗВУКОЗАПИСИ. WAYS OF ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION OF DIGITAL AUDIO RECORDING EQUIPMENT
    (2019) Рыбальский, Олег Владимирович; Rybalskyi, Oleh; Соловьев, Виктор Иванович; Soloviov, Viktor; Журавель, Вадим Васильевич; Zhuravel, Vadym
    The article deals with the issues of building a toolkit for diagnosing the originality of digital soundtracks and identification of digital audio recording equipment. One of the last variants of creation of the expert toolkit intended for identification of digital recording equipment is the “Fractal” toolkit, but its efficiency is reduced because identification signs are allocated from signals of pauses in the language information (pauses between words) recorded on a phonogram. The purpose of the article is to improve the expert toolkit for identification of sound recording equipment based on the fractal approach to the signals of its own noises. It is suggested to use the separation of hardware noises not only from pauses, but also from a mixture of signals with the entire duration of the phonogram. At the same time, the volume of information from which the identification features of the equipment are allocated increases significantly. Such separation of the own noise signals ensures the increased efficiency of the identification system. The proposed methods of separation and processing of self-similar structures from phonograms, used as identification features in the examination. One of the proposed methods is based on the separation of self-similar structures of the phonogram’s own noises along its entire length from their mixture with language and sound environment signals. The second method provides for mandatory building of error curves of the first and second types when developing the system. When building them, it is necessary to use a large amount of data that can be obtained from a limited number of phonograms by dividing them into separate sections of different lengths in automatic mode. It has been established that for phonograms lasting more than 20 seconds, the error curves are stable, in other words, they practically do not change. The degree of closeness of parameters of self-similar structures, separated from the compared phonograms, is offered to define as the module of distance between the normalized fractal curves, received at measurements of fractal characteristics. The proposed methods allow increasing considerably the efficiency of establishing the originality of soundtracks and identification of digital recording equipment during the expertise.
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    МАРКУВАННЯ ПІРОТЕХНІЧНИХ ВИРОБІВ ЯК ОБОВЯЗКОВА ВИМОГА ЇХ БЕЗПЕЧНОГО ВИКОРИСТАННЯ. MARKING OF PYROTECHNIC PRODUCTS AS A MANDATORY REQUIREMENT FOR THEIR SAFE USE
    (2019) Клименко, А.В.; Klymenko, A.V.; Вяткіна, Л.П.; Viatkina, L.P.
    According to the Constitution, the human being, his life and health, honor and dignity, inviolability and security are of the highest social value in Ukraine. Consumer rights are among the most important social rights of citizens, whose protection is vested in the State. The consumer at acquisition, the order or use of production in territory of Ukraine has the right to the state protection of the rights, in particular acquisition of production of proper quality safe for a life, health and environment. Pyrotechnic products are classified as hazardous. Products that are classified as hazardous must comply with the requirements of all current technical regulations applicable to such products. Compliance of the recycled, marketed or commissioned pyrotechnic products in Ukraine with the requirements of the Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine dated August 03, 2011 No. 839 “On Approval of the Technical Regulation of Pyrotechnic Products” (hereinafter referred to as the technical regulation) is mandatory. Information about the pyrotechnic product, instructions for use, safety requirements specified in the product label. Marking is a mandatory requirement for safe use of pyrotechnic products in accordance with the Technical Regulations. The article contains a list of basic requirements that must be specified in the marking of pyrotechnic products, in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents. A sample marking of fireworks is given.
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    ТЕХНІЧНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНОЇ ПОЛІЦІЇ УКРАЇНИ ТА ШЛЯХИ ЙОГО ПОКРАЩЕННЯ В СУЧАСНИХ УМОВАХ. TECHNICAL SUPPORT OF THE NATIONAL POLICE OF UKRAINE AND THE WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT IN MODERN CONDITIONS
    (2019) Гуляєв, А.В.; Huliaiev, A.V.; Диких, О.В.; Dykykh, O.V.; Кисіль, М.В.; Kysil, M.V.
    The article deals with the organization and implementation of technical equipment of the National Police of Ukraine in modern conditions. The main problems that have arisen at present are identified and need to be solved. One of the principal ways of maintaining the necessary level of ensuring the protection of human rights and freedoms, combating crime, maintaining public order and public safety in Ukraine is the technical equipment of the National Police of Ukraine with modern models of special equipment and vehicles using the unique innovative potential of the industrial complex of Ukraine. Effective use of developments in the field of creation of special and specialized equipment and vehicles for the technical equipment of the National Police of Ukraine is possible only with targeted state support and the introduction of incentive mechanisms, including: an adequate state budget, the provision of concessional loans, tax incentives, customs privileges, etc. Among the necessary conditions for effective industrial use of scientists in the field of creating special and specialized equipment and vehicles is also providing training of qualified personnel, attracting potential investors, expanding cooperation opportunities and creating appropriate networks, improving patent protection, increasing the level of innovative culture and the like. Given and classified the main problems of technical support of the National Police of Ukraine and ways to solve them, it is advisable to take into account when forming a strategy for the development of special vehicles. Based on the analysis of the technical support of the National Police of Ukraine in modern conditions and the existing scientific and methodological apparatus, it is reasonable organizational and technical recommendations aimed at improving its effectiveness.
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    ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ НЕОБХІДНОГО РІВНЯ ЗАХИСТУ І КОНТРОЛЬ ЗАХИСНИХ ВЛАСТИВОСТЕЙ КЕРАМІКО-ПОЛІМЕРНИХ БРОНЕЕЛЕМЕНТІВ. PROVIDING THE REQUIRED LEVEL OF PROTECTION AND CONTROL OF THE PROTECTIVE PROPERTIES CERAMIC-POLYMER ARMOUR ELEMENTS
    (2019) Мазна, Олександра Вікторівна; Mazna, Oleksandra; Нешпор, Олексій Вячеславович; Neshpor, Oleksii; Самусь, Євген Вікторович; Samus, Yevhen; Вересенко, Юрій Віталійович; Veresenko, Yurii; Чижаньков, Євген Юрійович; Chyzhankov, Yevhen
    Recently, light-armoured ceramics and combined materials containing layers of ceramics and polymer composites have been increasingly developed. According to the cost indicators, the possibility of using raw materials of domestic production, specific weight and high protective properties of the most acceptable for Ukraine ceramics from silicon carbide. When developing and manufacturing armoured structures, both for individual protection and vehicle protection, the greatest attention is paid to the physical and mechanical properties and specific weight of ceramics, but a clear relationship between mechanical properties and ballistic efficiency has not yet been established. Manufacture of ceramic-polymer protective products has the following mandatory stages of quality control: input control of materials, 100 % control of weight, geometric dimensions, protection area, availability of internal defects with the help of X-ray defectoscopic method. Thus, proper quality control at all stages of ceramic and polymeric protective products manufacture makes it possible to guarantee the necessary level of protective properties. However, it should be noted that ballistic tests have been and remain the necessary and most reliable method of monitoring the protective properties of armour protection products. Ballistic tests are carried out according to standard methods in accredited laboratories in the quantity approved for certain types of tests (certification, presentation, acceptance, periodic, etc.). World experience in developing and manufacturing armour-plated materials and structures shows that the implementation of high resistance to dynamic loads while maintaining the weight advantages (especially for individual protection and defense of aircraft) is associated with the use of ceramic elements with reactively baked silicon carbide or hot-pressed boron carbide (lighter than silicon carbide, but more valuable). Ballistic tests with the use of validated methods and ensuring the repeatability of the method remain necessary and the most reliable method of monitoring the protective properties of armour protection products.